Как исправить ошибку 1064 mysql - ErrorsMaster.ru - большая энциклопедия ошибок и их решений

When issuing a command to MySQL, I’m getting error #1064 «syntax error».

What does it mean?
How can I fix it?

asked May 7, 2014 at 10:32

TL;DR

Error #1064 means that MySQL can’t understand your command. To fix it:

Read the error message. It tells you exactly where in your command MySQL got confused.

Examine your command. If you use a programming language to create your command, use echo, console.log(), or its equivalent to show the entire command so you can see it.

Check the manual. By comparing against what MySQL expected at that point, the problem is often obvious.

Check for reserved words. If the error occurred on an object identifier, check that it isn’t a reserved word (and, if it is, ensure that it’s properly quoted).

Aaaagh!! What does #1064 mean?

Error messages may look like gobbledygook, but they’re (often) incredibly informative and provide sufficient detail to pinpoint what went wrong. By understanding exactly what MySQL is telling you, you can arm yourself to fix any problem of this sort in the future.

As in many programs, MySQL errors are coded according to the type of problem that occurred. Error #1064 is a syntax error.
- What is this «syntax» of which you speak? Is it witchcraft?
  
  Whilst «syntax» is a word that many programmers only encounter in the context of computers, it is in fact borrowed from wider linguistics. It refers to sentence structure: i.e. the rules of grammar; or, in other words, the rules that define what constitutes a valid sentence within the language.
  
  For example, the following English sentence contains a syntax error (because the indefinite article «a» must always precede a noun):
  
  This sentence contains syntax error a.
- What does that have to do with MySQL?
  
  Whenever one issues a command to a computer, one of the very first things that it must do is «parse» that command in order to make sense of it. A «syntax error» means that the parser is unable to understand what is being asked because it does not constitute a valid command within the language: in other words, the command violates the grammar of the programming language.
  
  It’s important to note that the computer must understand the command before it can do anything with it. Because there is a syntax error, MySQL has no idea what one is after and therefore gives up before it even looks at the database and therefore the schema or table contents are not relevant.
How do I fix it?

Obviously, one needs to determine how it is that the command violates MySQL’s grammar. This may sound pretty impenetrable, but MySQL is trying really hard to help us here. All we need to do is…
- Read the message!
  
  MySQL not only tells us exactly where the parser encountered the syntax error, but also makes a suggestion for fixing it. For example, consider the following SQL command:
```
UPDATE my_table WHERE id=101 SET name='foo'
```
  That command yields the following error message:
  
  ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'WHERE id=101 SET name='foo'' at line 1
  
  MySQL is telling us that everything seemed fine up to the word WHERE, but then a problem was encountered. In other words, it wasn’t expecting to encounter WHERE at that point.
  
  Messages that say ...near '' at line... simply mean that the end of command was encountered unexpectedly: that is, something else should appear before the command ends.
- Examine the actual text of your command!
  
  Programmers often create SQL commands using a programming language. For example a php program might have a (wrong) line like this:
```
$result = $mysqli->query("UPDATE " . $tablename ."SET name='foo' WHERE id=101");
```
  If you write this this in two lines
```
$query = "UPDATE " . $tablename ."SET name='foo' WHERE id=101"
$result = $mysqli->query($query);
```
  then you can add echo $query; or var_dump($query) to see that the query actually says
```
UPDATE userSET name='foo' WHERE id=101
```
  Often you’ll see your error immediately and be able to fix it.
- Obey orders!
  
  MySQL is also recommending that we «check the manual that corresponds to our MySQL version for the right syntax to use«. Let’s do that.
  
  I’m using MySQL v5.6, so I’ll turn to that version’s manual entry for an UPDATE command. The very first thing on the page is the command’s grammar (this is true for every command):
```
UPDATE [LOW_PRIORITY] [IGNORE] table_reference
    SET col_name1={expr1|DEFAULT} [, col_name2={expr2|DEFAULT}] ...
    [WHERE where_condition]
    [ORDER BY ...]
    [LIMIT row_count]
```
  The manual explains how to interpret this syntax under Typographical and Syntax Conventions, but for our purposes it’s enough to recognise that: clauses contained within square brackets [ and ] are optional; vertical bars | indicate alternatives; and ellipses ... denote either an omission for brevity, or that the preceding clause may be repeated.
  
  We already know that the parser believed everything in our command was okay prior to the WHERE keyword, or in other words up to and including the table reference. Looking at the grammar, we see that table_reference must be followed by the SET keyword: whereas in our command it was actually followed by the WHERE keyword. This explains why the parser reports that a problem was encountered at that point.
A note of reservation

Of course, this was a simple example. However, by following the two steps outlined above (i.e. observing exactly where in the command the parser found the grammar to be violated and comparing against the manual’s description of what was expected at that point), virtually every syntax error can be readily identified.

I say «virtually all», because there’s a small class of problems that aren’t quite so easy to spot—and that is where the parser believes that the language element encountered means one thing whereas you intend it to mean another. Take the following example:
```
UPDATE my_table SET where='foo'
```
Again, the parser does not expect to encounter WHERE at this point and so will raise a similar syntax error—but you hadn’t intended for that where to be an SQL keyword: you had intended for it to identify a column for updating! However, as documented under Schema Object Names:
If an identifier contains special characters or is a reserved word, you must quote it whenever you refer to it. (Exception: A reserved word that follows a period in a qualified name must be an identifier, so it need not be quoted.) Reserved words are listed at Section 9.3, “Keywords and Reserved Words”.
```
[ deletia ]
```
The identifier quote character is the backtick (“`”):
```
mysql> SELECT * FROM `select` WHERE `select`.id > 100;
```
If the ANSI_QUOTES SQL mode is enabled, it is also permissible to quote identifiers within double quotation marks:
```
mysql> CREATE TABLE "test" (col INT);
ERROR 1064: You have an error in your SQL syntax...
mysql> SET sql_mode='ANSI_QUOTES';
mysql> CREATE TABLE "test" (col INT);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
```

It is late but will help others and ofcourse will save time
My query was working in MySQL 5.7 in local system but on live we have version MySQL 8 and query stop working.

Query:

SELECT t.*
FROM groups t
ORDER BY t.id DESC
LIMIT 10 OFFSET 0

Output in MySQL 8:

Error in query (1064): Syntax error near ‘groups t ORDER BY t.id DESC’
at line …

I came to know groups is reserved word so I have to wrap groups with « quotes or change the table name to solve this issue.

answered Jul 18, 2021 at 13:13

Muhammad ShahzadMuhammad Shahzad

9,24021 gold badges85 silver badges130 bronze badges

For my case, I was trying to execute procedure code in MySQL, and due to some issue with server in which Server can’t figure out where to end the statement I was getting Error Code 1064. So I wrapped the procedure with custom DELIMITER and it worked fine.

For example, Before it was:

DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS getStats;
CREATE PROCEDURE `getStats` (param_id INT, param_offset INT, param_startDate datetime, param_endDate datetime)
BEGIN
    /*Procedure Code Here*/
END;

After putting DELIMITER it was like this:

DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS getStats;
DELIMITER $$
CREATE PROCEDURE `getStats` (param_id INT, param_offset INT, param_startDate datetime, param_endDate datetime)
BEGIN
    /*Procedure Code Here*/
END;
$$
DELIMITER ;

answered Apr 19, 2017 at 10:54

Umair MalhiUmair Malhi

5551 gold badge4 silver badges16 bronze badges

Источник

If you’ve been using WordPress for a while, you may have decided to get into more advanced database management. This often involves using the MySQL command line, which can, in turn, lead to confusing problems such as MySQL 1064 errors.

Fortunately, while resolving this error can be confusing at first due to its many potential causes, its solutions tend to be relatively simple. Once you determine the reason behind the database error you’re seeing, you should be able to fix it fairly quickly.

In this post, we’ll cover the various possible causes of the MySQL 1064 error. Then we’ll share solutions for each common situation, to help you get your database and your site back up and running.

Let’s get started!

Why the MySQL 1064 Error Occurs

The MySQL 1064 error is a syntax error. This means the reason there’s a problem is because MySQL doesn’t understand what you’re asking it to do. However, there are many different situations that can lead to this type of miscommunication between you and your database.

The simplest cause is that you’ve made a mistake while typing in a command and MySQL can’t understand your request. Alternatively, you may be attempting to use outdated or even obsolete commands that can’t be read.

In other cases, you may have attempted to include a ‘reserved word’ in one of your commands. Reserved words are terms that can only be used in specific contexts in MySQL. If you attempt to use them in other ways, you’ll be faced with an error.

It’s also possible that there is some data missing from your database. When you make a request via MySQL which references data that isn’t where it’s supposed to be, you’ll also see the 1064 error. Finally, transferring your WordPress database to another server can also lead to the same issue.

As you can see, there are many potential causes for this problem, which can make it tricky to resolve. Unless you’re in the process of moving your database or taking some other action that points to a specific cause, you’ll likely need to try a few different solutions before you land on the right one. Fortunately, none of them are too difficult to execute, as we’ll see next.

Oh no, you’re getting the MySQL 1064 Error…😭 Don’t despair! Here are 5 proven solutions to get it fixed immediately 🙏Click to Tweet

How to Fix the MySQL 1064 Error (5 Methods)

If you already have an idea of what’s causing your MySQL 1064 error, you can simply skip down to the resolution for your specific situation. However, if you’re not sure why the error has occurred, the simplest strategy is to try the easiest solution first.

In that case, we’d suggest testing out the five most likely fixes in the following order.

1. Correct Mistyped Commands

The good thing about MySQL typos is that they’re the simplest explanation for syntax issues such as the 1064 error. Unfortunately, they can also be the most tedious to correct. Generally speaking, your best option is to manually proofread your code and look for any mistakes you may have made.

We suggest using the MySQL Manual as a reference while you do so, double-checking anything you’re not sure about. As you might imagine, this can get pretty time-consuming, especially if you’ve been working in the MySQL command line for a while or if you’re new to this task.

An alternative to manually checking your work is to employ a tool such as EverSQL:

EverSQL syntax checker

With this solution, you can simply input your MySQL to check for errors automatically. However, keep in mind that these platforms aren’t always perfect and you may still want to validate the results yourself.

2. Replace Obsolete Commands

As platforms grow and change, some commands that were useful in the past are replaced by more efficient ones. MySQL is no exception. If you’re working on your database following a recent update or have referenced an outdated source during your work, it’s possible that one or more of your commands are no longer valid.

You can check to see whether this is the case using the MySQL Reference Manual. You’ll find mentions of commands that have been made obsolete by each MySQL version in the relevant sections:

Manually removing obsolete commands

Once you’ve determined which command is likely causing the problem, you can simply use the ‘find and replace’ function to remove the obsolete command and add in the new version. For example, if you were using storage_engine and find that it no longer works, you could simply replace all instances with the new default_storage_engine command.

3. Designate Reserved Words

In MySQL, using a reserved word out of context will result in a syntax error, as it will be interpreted as incorrect. However, you can still use reserved words however you please by containing them within backticks, like this: `select`

Each version of MySQL has its own reserved words, which you can read up on in the MySQL Reference Manual. A quick find and replace should enable you to resolve this issue if you think it may be causing your 1064 error.

4. Add Missing Data

If your latest MySQL query attempts to reference information in a database and can’t find it, you’re obviously going to run into problems. In the event that none of the preceding solutions resolves your MySQL 1064 error, it may be time to go looking for missing data.

Unfortunately, this is another solution that can be quite tedious and has to be done by hand. The best thing you can do in this situation is to work backward, starting with your most recent query. Check each database it references, and make sure all the correct information is present. Then move on to the next most recent query, until you come to the one that’s missing some data.

5. Use Compatibility Mode to Transfer WordPress Databases

This final 1064 error solution isn’t as straightforward as the others on our list. However, if you’re migrating your WordPress site to a new host or otherwise moving it to a different server, you’ll need to take extra steps to avoid causing problems with your database.

The simplest solution is to use a migration plugin that includes a compatibility mode, such as WP Migrate DB:

WP Migrate DB WordPress plugin

This will enable an auto-detection feature that will make sure your latest site backup and database are compatible with multiple versions of MySQL. You can access the compatibility mode setting by navigating to Tools > Migrate DB > Advanced Options:

WP Migrate DB settings

Check the box next to Compatible with older versions of MySQL before starting your site migration. This way, you should be able to avoid any issues during the process.

Summary

Database errors can throw a wrench in your plans, and may even compromise your website’s stability. Knowing how to resolve issues such as the MySQL 1064 error can help you react quickly, and minimize downtime on your site.

There are five methods you can try to fix the MySQL 1064 error when you encounter it, depending on its most likely cause:

Correct mistyped commands.
Replace obsolete commands.
Designate reserved words.
Add missing data.
Transfer WordPress databases in compatibility mode.

Источник

Have you ever encountered an SQL error 1064 while trying to execute a query? It can be frustrating, but don’t worry – you’re not alone. This error message typically marks a syntax error in your MySQL query.

Fortunately, there are only a handful of problems triggering that error. You can efficiently resolve them with a bit of persistence and proper guidance. In this article, we’ll explain what SQL Error 1064 is, what causes it, and how to resolve it. Plus, you’ll learn three tips to avoid it in the future.

What is SQL Error 1064?

SQL (Structured Query Language) is a programming language that manages and manipulates relational databases. Albeit powerful, it’s also complex and prone to errors. One of the most common errors users encounter is the MySQL Error code 1064.

SQL Error code 1064 represents a SQL syntax error. It means that the SQL query you’ve written isn’t valid because it contains a mistake in the syntax. In other words, MySQL doesn’t understand your request and returns the error in response.

You will likely see the SQL error code 1064 in a database administration tool like phpMyAdmin or MySQL Workbench. SiteGround users have phpMyAdmin at their disposal in Site Tools > Site > MySQL > PHPMYADMIN > ACCESS PHPMYADMIN.

Below, you can see a screenshot of phpMyAdmin producing the error.

There are several variants of the error message:

error 1064 (42000) – you have an error in your SQL syntax
#1064 – you have an error in your SQL syntax

This error message looks daunting, especially if you’re new to SQL. However, it’s essential to remember that syntax errors are common, and with some practice, you can learn to avoid them.

Understanding SQL Syntax

SQL syntax is a crucial aspect of database management. You can create, modify, and retrieve data from databases using correctly structured SQL commands.

SQL syntax is a set of rules that determine the structure of commands used to interact with a database. SQL commands include the following elements:

operators,
clauses,
expressions,
keywords.

The SQL syntax is similar to many other programming languages. While SQL keywords are not case-sensitive, writing them in uppercase is standard practice. SQL statements are typically separated by semicolons.

Familiarizing yourself with the MySQL Reference Manual is essential for working with a MySQL database. You will get a better understanding of the syntax, which in turn will help you avoid syntax errors in SQL queries.

What Causes SQL Error 1064?

As the description suggests, the main reason for the SQL error 1064 is a syntax error in your command. However, other problems can trigger the error, as well. Below, you’ll find a list of the most common ones.

Syntax errors – The most common cause of SQL Error 1064. Syntax errors occur when the SQL statement is miswritten or violates the established syntax rules.
Obsolete commands – Using outdated and deprecated commands or commands no longer supported in the current version of SQL.
Using reserved words out of context – Reserved words are words already used by the SQL language for specific purposes. Examples are SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, ALTER, DELETE, etc. If you use reserved words for a purpose outside of their designated use in your SQL code, you will encounter SQL Error 1064.
Incorrect data types – Using incorrect data types in the SQL statement. Inserting text into a numeric field is a typical example.
Missing data – If you try to insert or update data in a database missing a required field, the result could be an SQL error 1064.

How to Fix SQL Error 1064

The SQL syntax error can originate from various issues. Here is an order you can follow to find the source of the problem and solve it.

Step 1.Read the Error Message Carefully

When encountering an SQL Error 1064, read the error message carefully. It will indicate which line or section of the SQL statement contains a mistake.

Below is an example of phpMyAdmin producing the error and pointing out which part is problematic.
Step 2.Check Your MySQL Query for Syntax Errors

Once you’ve identified the part of the SQL statement causing the error, check the SQL code for syntax errors. Look for missing brackets, commas, or misspelled operators, clauses, expressions, or keywords.

The example from the previous step shows that the problematic part of the SQL command is:
```
''WERE `fpj_options`.`option_id` = 1' at line 1
```
Looking closely at the line, it becomes clear that the issue comes from the misspelled “WERE” clause. Its proper form is “WHERE” so the missing “H” triggered the error. Correcting the clause results in a successful execution of the SQL command.
Step 3.Check If You Are Using Reserved Words

If you are using MySQL and receive an error message with the code 1064, it may be because you used words that MySQL considers special. These are called “reserved words,” and examples are ALTER, TABLE, SELECT, etc.

Reserved words have specific meanings in MySQL. You can’t use them as names for tables, columns, or other parts of a MySQL database without causing errors. Below is an example of the SQL syntax error caused by using the reserved word alter as a table name.

To prevent this error, check for any reserved words used out of place in your queries. You can find a complete list of these words in the MySQL manual. If you use a reserved word, change it to something else.

If you prefer to use the reserved word, surround it with backticks (`). These backticks will instruct MySQL to treat it as a name and not a reserved word.
Step 4.Replace Obsolete Commands

MySQL has undergone several revisions and changes over the years. Some of these changes have affected the SQL syntax rules. Many of the commands have been abandoned and replaced by new ones.

You can check the MySQL server version you are using in phpMyAdmin. For more information, read this guide on how to check the MySQL version on the server hosting your account.

If you’ve identified that you’re using obsolete commands or no longer supported ones, replace them with up-to-date commands.

For editing outdated commands in files, you can save time by using find and replace tools in your File manager. They can replace all the commands causing the issue with the correct new versions in one go.

The File Manager in Site Tools offers this functionality for SiteGround users. Open the file you wish to edit, and press the button Replace.

In the Find field, type the obsolete command that needs to be updated. In Replace, write the updated command to replace the old one. The tool will rewrite all instances of the outdated command with the new one.

IMPORTANT! The new SQL command may not work as expected. Before making changes to the file, create a website backup. It will allow you to restore your website quickly in case the changes affect it negatively.
Step 5.Check If You Are Using the Correct Data Type

SQL databases are designed to store various data types. Each has its own specific format and storage requirements. For example, a numeric value requires a different amount of storage space than a string value.

If you are trying to insert data of one type into a column of another type, you will encounter SQL Error 1064. This error message is usually accompanied by “You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near…”.

For instance, if you insert a text string into a column defined as a numeric value, you will get SQL Error 1064.

To avoid this database error, ensure that the data types of the columns in your SQL code match the data types of the values you are inserting.
Step 6.Add Missing Data

Another common cause of SQL Error 1064 is missing data. For example, if you try to insert data into a table with mandatory fields but leave some fields empty, you will get an SQL Error 1064.

To fix this error, ensure you have provided all the required data. You may have to add the missing data manually.

Furthermore, the error may appear when importing your database from a corrupted backup file. Create a new backup of your original database and import it on the new server again.

SiteGround users can take advantage of the tool Import Database Dump, designed for importing larger databases.

If unsure about the mandatory fields, check the table definition or consult the database administrator.
Step 7.Seek Assistance

If you have tried all the above steps and still can’t fix SQL Error 1064, try finding help.

You can contact the database administrator or consult an online forum or community dedicated to SQL programming.

Many online resources are available for beginners and experienced programmers alike, and you can find answers to most SQL-related questions. You can find helpful information in the official MySQL forum, where users aid each other with more elaborate problems and share their experiences.

3 Tips to Avoid SQL Error 1064

You can prevent SQL Error 1064 by following good practices that reduce the chance of making a syntax error.

Use an SQL Validator to Detect a Syntax Error

An SQL validator is a tool that checks the syntax of your SQL code and identifies errors. Using it lets you catch and fix errors early before executing the code.

EverSQL is one of the most popular free SQL validator tools. Submit your SQL query and press the button Validate SQL Syntax. The checker will inspect the code and point out potential mistakes in the MySQL queries.

Use SQL Aliases

SQL aliases allow you to assign a temporary name to a table or column. Using aliases, you can simplify your SQL code and avoid syntax errors caused by typos or ambiguities. Note that the SQL alias remains active only for the duration of the SQL query.

The clause AS enables an alias for a table or column. To assign an alias for a column, use the following template.

SELECT column_name AS alias_name
FROM table_name;

For assigning an alias to a table, use the format below.

SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name AS alias_name;

Replace column_name and table_name with the existing names in your database and alias_name – with your chosen custom alias.

Break Down SQL Statements

Breaking down complex SQL statements into smaller, manageable parts can help you easily identify errors. By testing smaller parts of your SQL code, you can isolate and fix errors before they cause significant problems.

Conclusion

SQL Error 1064 is a common error encountered by SQL programmers. Syntax errors, obsolete commands, incorrect data types, missing data, or other mistakes in the SQL code usually cause this error.

By following the steps outlined in this guide and implementing the tips to prevent MySQL Error 1064, you can avoid it and ensure your SQL code runs smoothly. Remember to always check for syntax errors and seek assistance when needed.

Источник

So, you’re creating a custom SQL query to perform a task in the database. After putting the code together and running it in PHPmyAdmin it responds with a 1064 error. It may look similar to this:

The 1064 error displays any time you have an issue with your SQL syntax, and is often due to using reserved words, missing data in the database, or mistyped/obsolete commands. So follow along and learn more about what the 1064 error is, some likely causes, and general troubleshooting steps.

Note: Since syntax errors can be hard to locate in long queries, the following online tools can often save time by checking your code and locating issues:

PiliApp MySQL Syntax Check
EverSQL SQL Query Syntax Check & Validator

Causes for the 1064 error

Reserved Words
Missing Data
Mistyped Commands
Obsolete Commands

This may seem cryptic since it is a general error pointing to a syntax issue in the SQL Query statement. Since the 1064 error can have multiple causes, we will go over the most common things that will result in this error and show you how to fix them. Follow along so you can get your SQL queries updated and running successfully.

Using Reserved Words

Every version of MySQL has its own list of reserved words. These are words that are used for specific purposes or to perform specific functions within the MySQL engine. If you attempt to use one of these reserved words, you will receive the 1064 error. For example, below is a short SQL query that uses a reserved word as a table name.

CREATE TABLE alter (first_day DATE, last_day DATE);

How to fix it:

Just because the word alter is reserved does not mean it cannot be used, it just has special requirements to use it as the MySQL engine is trying to call the functionality for the alter command. To fix the issue, you will want to surround the word with backticks, this is usually the button just to the left of the “1” button on the keyboard. The code block below shows how the code will need to look in order to run properly.

CREATE TABLE `alter` (first_day DATE, last_day DATE);

Missing Data

Sometimes data can be missing from the database. This causes issues when the data is required for a query to complete. For example, if a database is built requiring an ID number for every student, it is reasonable to assume a query will be built to pull a student record by that ID number. Such a query would look like this:

SELECT * from students WHERE studentID = $id

If the $id is never properly filled in the code, the query would look like this to the server:

SELECT * from students WHERE studentID =

Since there is nothing there, the MySQL engine gets confused and complains via a 1064 error.

How to fix it:

Hopefully, your application will have some sort of interface that will allow you to bring up the particular record and add the missing data. This is tricky because if the missing data is the unique identifier, it will likely need that information to bring it up, thus resulting in the same error. You can also go into the database (typically within phpMyAdmin) where you can select the particular row from the appropriate table and manually add the data.

Mistyping of Commands

One of the most common causes for the 1064 error is when a SQL statement uses a mistyped command. This is very easy to do and is easily missed when troubleshooting at first. Our example shows an UPDATE command that is accidentally misspelled.

UDPATE table1 SET id = 0;

How to fix it:

Be sure to check your commands prior to running them and ensure they are all spelled correctly.

Below is the syntax for the correct query statement.

UPDATE table1 SET id = 0;

Obsolete Commands

Some commands that were deprecated (slated for removal but still allowed for a period of time) eventually go obsolete. This means that the command is no longer valid in the SQL statement. One of the more common commands is the ‘TYPE‘ command. This has been deprecated since MySQL 4.1 but was finally removed as of version 5.1, where it now gives a syntax error. The ‘TYPE‘ command has been replaced with the ‘ENGINE‘ command. Below is an example of the old version:

CREATE TABLE t (i INT) TYPE = INNODB;

This should be replaced with the new command as below:

CREATE TABLE t (i INT) ENGINE = INNODB;

For developers or sysadmins experienced with the command line, get high availability and root access for your application, service, and websites with Cloud VPS Hosting.

Error 1064 Summary

As you can see there is more than one cause for the 1064 error within MySQL code. Now, you know how to correct the issues with your SQL Syntax, so your query can run successfully. This list will be updated as more specific instances are reported.

Источник

Дата: 25.11.2013

Автор: Василий Лукьянчиков , vl (at) sqlinfo (dot) ru

Статья ориентирована на новичков. В ней объясняется, что означает ошибка сервера MySQL №1064, рассматриваются типичные ситуации и причины возникновения этой ошибки, а также даются рекомендации по исправлению.

Рассмотрим простейший пример.

SELECT mid, time, title, artist, download, view_count, rating, vote_num FROM dle_mservice WHERE category = ‘1’ AND approve = ‘1’ ORDER BY time DESC LIMIT -10,10;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near ‘-10,10’ at line 1

Сервер MySQL сообщает, что в первой строке нашего SQL запроса имеется синтаксическая ошибка, и в одинарных кавычках цитирует часть запроса с того места где начинается ошибка. Это очень полезное свойство, так как позволяет сразу определить место, которое сервер счел ошибочным. В данном случае это ‘-10,10’, ошибка возникает из-за того, что параметр LIMIT не может быть отрицательным числом.

Однако, бывает и так, что цитируемый кусок запроса не содержит синтаксической ошибки. Это означает, что данная часть запроса находится не на своем месте из-за чего весь запрос становится синтаксически неверным. Например, отсутствует разделитель между двумя запросами, пропущен кусок запроса, невидимый символ в дампе и т.д. Неудобством таких ситуаций является то, что сообщение об ошибке не содержит исходный запрос.
Действия по исправлению зависят от контекста возникновения ошибки. Таковых всего 3:

1. Запрос в редакторе.

Самый простейший случай — вы пишите свой запрос в редакторе. Если причина не опечатка, то:

Смотреть в документации синтаксис команды для вашей версии сервера MySQL.

Обратите внимание: речь идет о версии сервера MySQL, а не клиента (phpmyadmin, workbench и т.д.). Версию сервера можно узнать выполнив команду select version();
В MySQL допускается использование ключевых слов в качестве имен столбцов/таблиц, но при этом их необходимо заключать в обратные кавычки (там где буква ё на клавиатуре).
Пример:

select order from test;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near ‘order from test’ at line 1
MariaDB [test]> select `order` from test;
+——-+
| order |
+——-+
| NULL |
+——-+
По умолчанию ; разделяет команды. Если же нужно выполнить набор из нескольких инструкций как одну команду (например, при создании процедур, фунуций, триггеров), то в зависимости от используемого клиента может потребоваться переопределить разделитель с помощью DELIMITER, иначе интерпретация команды остановится на первой ; и будет ошибка синтаксиса. Пример:
delimiter //
create procedure test()
begin
set @a=1;
select @a;
end//

Обратите внимание: DELIMITER это команда консольного клиента mysql, необходимость его использования зависит от того как вы передаете команду серверу. Например,:
- mysql_query() выполняет содержимое как одну команду, добавление delimiter приведет к error 1064 с цитатой, начинающейся со слова delimiter
- phpmyadmin удаляет слово delimiter из-за чего возникает error 1064 с цитатой, начинающейся с переопределенного разделителя
- в MysqlQueryBrowser напротив необходимо использовать delimiter.

2. Перенос базы на другой сервер.

У вас есть дамп (т.е. файл с расширением .sql) и при попытке его импортировать вы получаете ошибку 1064. Причины:

В различных версиях набор ключевых слов и синтаксис может немного отличаться. Наиболее распространенный случай: команда create table, в которой ключевое слово type было заменено на engine. Например, если вы получаете ошибку:

You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near ‘TYPE=MyISAM CHARACTER SET `utf8`’ at line 29

Это означает, что вы переносите базу в пятую версию сервера MySQL, в котором ключевое слово TYPE не поддерживается и его нужно заменить на ENGINE.

Редко бываю случаи, когда перенос идет на старый (~3.23) сервер, который кодировки не поддерживает. Тогда ошибка будет иметь вид:

#1064 — You have an error in your SQL syntax near ‘DEFAULT CHARACTER SET cp1251 COLLATE cp1251_general_ci’ at line 1

Такое может произойти, если вы переносите базу с хостинга на локальный комп, где стоит древняя версия MySQL. Лучшим решением в данном случае будет не править дамп, а обновить MySQL.
Часто проблемы вызваны тем, что дамп делается неродными средствами MySQL (например, phpmyadmin) из-за чего в нем могут быть BOM-маркер, собственный синтаксис комментариев, завершения команды и т.д. Кроме того при использовании того же phpmyadmin возможна ситуация при которой из-за ограничения апача на размер передаваемого файла команда будет обрезана, что приведет к ошибке 1064.
Например, если вы получаете ошибку:

#1064 — You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near ‘ï»¿
CREATE TABLE `jos_banner` (
`bid` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
`ci‘ at line 1

Значит ваш дамп содержит BOM-маркер. Это три байта в начале файла, помогающие программе определить что данный файл сохранен в кодировке UTF-8. Проблема в том, что MySQL пытается интерпретировать их как команду из-за чего возникает ошибка синтаксиса. Нужно открыть дамп в текстовом редакторе (например, Notepad++) и сохранить без BOM.

Для избежания подобных проблем при создании дампа и его импорте лучше пользоваться родными средствами MySQL, см http://sqlinfo.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?id=583

3. Некорректная работа сайта.

Если во время работы сайта появляются ошибки синтаксиса, то, как правило, причина в установке вами сомнительных модулей к вашей cms. Лучшее решение — отказаться от их использования. Еще лучше предварительно проверять их работу на резервной копии.

Пример. Движок dle 7.2, поставили модуль ,вроде бы все Ок, но:

MySQL Error!
————————
The Error returned was:
You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near ‘AND approve=’1‘ AND date < ‘2008-10-04 04:34:25‘ LIMIT 5’ at line 1

Error Number:
1064
SELECT id, title, date, category, alt_name, flag FROM dle_post WHERE MATCH (title, short_story, full_story, xfields, title) AGAINST (‘Приобретение и оплата скрипта ‘) AND id != AND approve=‘1’ AND date < ‘2008-10-04 04:34:25’ LIMIT 5

В данном примере мы видим, что причина ошибки в отсутствии значения после «id != «

Обратите внимание: из процитированного сервером MySQL куска запроса причина ошибки не ясна. Если ваша CMS не показывает весь запрос целиком, то нужно в скриптах найти место где выполняется данный запрос и вывести его на экран командой echo.

Кусок кода, который отвечает за данный запрос это

$db->query («SELECT id, title, date, category, alt_name, flag FROM « . PREFIX . «_post WHERE MATCH (title, short_story, full_story, xfields, title) AGAINST (‘$body’) AND id != «.$row[‘id’].» AND approve=’1′».$where_date.» LIMIT «.$config[‘related_number’]);

Далее можно искать откуда взялась переменная $row и почему в ней нет элемента ‘id’ и вносить исправления, но лучше отказаться от использования такого модуля (неизвестно сколько сюрпризов он еще принесет).

P.S. Если после прочтения статьи ваш вопрос с MySQL Error 1064 остался нерешенным, то задавайте его на форуме SQLinfo

Дата публикации: 25.11.2013

© Все права на данную статью принадлежат порталу SQLInfo.ru. Перепечатка в интернет-изданиях разрешается только с указанием автора и прямой ссылки на оригинальную статью. Перепечатка в бумажных изданиях допускается только с разрешения редакции.

Источник

TL;DR

Aaaagh!! What does #1064 mean?

What is this «syntax» of which you speak? Is it witchcraft?

What does that have to do with MySQL?

How do I fix it?

Read the message!

Examine the actual text of your command!

Obey orders!

A note of reservation

Why the MySQL 1064 Error Occurs

How to Fix the MySQL 1064 Error (5 Methods)

1. Correct Mistyped Commands

2. Replace Obsolete Commands

3. Designate Reserved Words

4. Add Missing Data

5. Use Compatibility Mode to Transfer WordPress Databases

Summary

What is SQL Error 1064?

Understanding SQL Syntax

What Causes SQL Error 1064?

How to Fix SQL Error 1064

Step 1.Read the Error Message Carefully

Step 2.Check Your MySQL Query for Syntax Errors

Step 3.Check If You Are Using Reserved Words

Step 4.Replace Obsolete Commands

Step 5.Check If You Are Using the Correct Data Type

Step 6.Add Missing Data

Step 7.Seek Assistance

3 Tips to Avoid SQL Error 1064

Use an SQL Validator to Detect a Syntax Error

Use SQL Aliases

Break Down SQL Statements

Conclusion

Causes for the 1064 error

Using Reserved Words

Missing Data

Mistyping of Commands

Obsolete Commands

Error 1064 Summary

1. Запрос в редакторе.

2. Перенос базы на другой сервер.

3. Некорректная работа сайта.